Speaking-pipe



:Eigl 31 w E, HASKELL,

.sPimgms PIPE APPLICAHON HLED IUNE 1?. 1919.

1,327,996. Patented Jan. 13,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Wi/tum W. E. HASKELL.

smms me.

APPLICAUOH FILED IUHE H 1919.

1,327,996. Patented Jan. 13, 1920.

fiQEL UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. D

WILLIAM E. HASKELL, or enarzrmsono, VERMONT, assrenon. 'ro ESTEY 03cm COMPANY, OF BRATTLEBOBO,

VERMONT, GQRPORATION OF VERMONT.

sesame-urn.

aicitizjen of tlie."Uhited states residing at Brett!" r iii the county of Windham and 6. .S t e f" em ont, have invented certain v dfluseful Improvements in SpeakingjPipels iot which the following is a specifi mn-u a Th'sinvention has 1 struction of an open ipe to produce a more powerful tone than as been possible with pi heretoforemade. $1ile this invention is primarily (lesignedfororgan 'pipes,its peculiar qualities isjfare' such that it'cairbe used for lighthouse andgfog signaling as well. When used for anorganpipe it gives an open reed tone mo nts similar to the tone of the cor- .net or, ltub for its object the conlim'ittoth power of tone which can be produced, tlm'slenabling it to be used for signaliug piirposes. The principles of the impipe :will be understood from the I 'ific (pipe illustrated in the accompanying rawings, wherein" c V 1;.is a front view of the pipe with P5 .g tn nsbmkea away at the mouth thereof. t 2, is a vertical longitudinaLsection on ac-then e 2'-2 in the Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a top view. Fig. 4, is an. enlarged vertical section I of';thepipe in'the vicinity of its mouth. Fig. 5, is an enlarged front view of the pipe, theroller beard being removed. Fig. 6, is a as detailed view illustrating the nicking on the interior oilthe'mouth, on the line 66 of Fi 2. Fi'g. is a cross section in the plane in 'cated by the line 7-7 in Fig. 2. Figs. v 8 and 9 are detailed cross sections inthe planes indicated by the lines 8-8 and 99 mFig. 4. Fi .10, is a still larger section in the vicinity o the mouth ofthe pipe. This, pi as shown, is made of wood. -The pipe has a face board B, a rear wall C, parallel side walls D, and an open top which, as shown in Fig. 3, is square. The front and rear walls are inclined with respect to each other so that the pipe increases in depth from the mouth E to the open top, as shown in Fig. 2. The face board or front wall B, is shorter than the rear wall C. The mouth E is equal in width to the interior width of the pipe. The rear wall C of this pipe is curved outwardly near the bottom Specification of Letters Patent.

5.13m k pwn that I, war-ha.

' invention this than has heretofore been 0b.. 20. taiueii. W ,th-this' pipe there seems to be no Patented Jan. 13, 1920.

Application Medium 17.1919. Serial na'aoea v.

I thereofl-towardthe mouthriE, as-shown at .F'm Fig. 2, thus forming a curved bottom or floor forthe'pi e which extends from tending surface of the pi :I'n pipes eretofore constructed there 'beenya dead?' air space at the back of the pipe op site the mouth, and accordingly, anycon ensetion or rarefaction oceurrin at the mouth has been instantly dissipated t us at once losing its intensity.

wardlytowardthe mouth t ereby bringing this curve opposite the mouth. By this eon-' struction the maximum of condensation and rarefaction is imparted to the aircolumn as the air reed' bends in andout because the while at thesame time the sound wave, 80'

formed at the mouth is primarily the width of the mouth, and as; the sides of the ipe are parallel, the sound wave is of the width of t is pipe clear to its top.

The block G (which,'as shown, is' in one piece of wood with the rear wall C), has a transverse hole a therein connecting with the mouth of the foot 6 which in turn is connected with the wind-chest or com ressed air supply, in the usual manner. T efront of the block G is covered by a cap H which has a threat 0 therein having at its upper end the dcfieetingsurface d which directsthe air onto a less abrupt surface e and thence through the winrl-way f across the mouth E of the pipe. The wind-wa f is of the same width as the mouth E. T us,'any condition of condensation or rarefaction produced at the mouth of the pipe by the air reed will embrace the entire width of the air column at that point, being imparted to the column above it and increasing in areaaccordin to the area of the ipe itself. The cap has two upwam ly extending ears g, one on each side of the wind-way. thereby providing a guide for the air reed as it comes from the throat of the block G. In other words, the distance between these ears y is e ual to the interior width of the pipe A. hetwcen these In accordance with the prwent dead: space is eliminated by having the rearwallof'thepipe curved out f a reflectingcondition which tends um. This'causesara cars is mounted the roller or draft bridge I. 'l his brid I is spaced away from the cap H, and t '6 center of the bridgeis substantiall opposite the lower lip of the I mouth, t is location being such as to enable it to deflect the air real back and forth and to provide the necessary induced current of 'ainbetween the capand bridglc. a The upper lip J of he mout E 15 beveled on both front and rear sides, as best seen in *Fig. Thelower 1i K is beveled on its front edge. Below e lower lip K the wind-way f is nicked as at h, in the customary manner; to prevent the hissing sound usually-produced bya current of air under pressure paging a given opening. V

The-'face'lioi the body of the pipe 15 m the saine planeas the outer face 2 of the pipe above the u per lip, and the plane of the surfaces of-t 'e inner part of the cap 1f extended upwardly would pass underneath the lip J and-just inside of it as best seen ln Fig. 10.; These :conver 'ng planes at the moilth'E of the pipe ten to throw the sheet of air directly on the edge of the l1p, wlnle the bridge 1 lane placed that it provides a buffer for the. reflection of the airreed as well as creating an induced draft between the brid and-the ca .'p, which also tends to move In disame direptmn. v v Wind is admitted. through the foot I) from a windchest, through the transverse passage a along-the threat and is directed out pa'stthe mouth Emithepipe in, a sheet as wide as thelumn of air on the interior of the the, air.reed strikes the ex'terioi ithegipperli J of the mouthE it is directed-outwardly t as creating a vacufaction within the pipe A and as'the prewn'e within the pipe becomes less than the exterior pressure, t a air reed is bent back within'the ipe A causing condensation,the period of w ich, of course, is governed by the tonalv length of the 'pipe. The curve F of the rear wall C, as well as the interior bevel of the'upper lip of the mouth E and the smaller area 0 this pipe at its mouth greatly aid in this-'rai-eiaction and condensation. The'aniplitude of-vibration reaches its maximum in theipipe of the present construction, and accord ngly, the air reed is deflected well within the pipe, permitting a. discharge of some of the air from the top of the ipe. The air reed being of the same wid as the-column of air w1 thin the pipe A the rarcfaction and condensation produced at the mouth of the pipe affects the en tire column of air within this pipe. increasing in volume as this area of the pipe infired with an organ the sizes of pipe are proportioned to the desired pitches of the several pipes. But with a pipe of the present construction, a tone is produced, which 5 is expelled under the most approved condi- '-lower an of the ipe having a throatand tions to roduce a more mellow and a more powerfu tone than has heretofore been pro duced.

In makin pipes of this character which are intende for signal purposes, proportions can be employed which have this particular objectin view. As an example of such a pipe one set of dimensions may be given which produce an eflicient effect. Such a pipe with a speaking length of two feet will be eight inches square at the top and ro-' portionately tapered at the mouth his pipe speaks on a pressure of fifty pounds and produces a. tone as powerful as a, steam whistle. -In fact with a. given area in-pro go portion to its length, a pipe of this con.- struction ives from ten to twenty-five times as power ul a tone as any other pi with J which the present inventor is fami um I claim: 1 I 5 i 1. An open speaking pi having, in comblnation, parallel side wai front and ml' walls atan angle to each other so that the interior of the. pipe decreases'indepth from top. to bottom, being square at the top, with a mouth at the lower end of the sme wiclth as the interior of the pipe, a curvedbottom I extendin from the lower edge of the mouth rearwar ly and upwardly and merging gradually into the inner-face of the rear wall, the upper lip of -the mouth being beveled on both sideszand the outer face of the lip being in the same plane as the of the pi e'low the lower lip, a cap at the wind-wa of the same width as the mouth of the pipe, the inner face of the hawng a lower abruptly inclined face an above it a, less abruptl inclined face,theplane of said upper inc ined face constituting the outer wall of the wind-way and in a plane which if extended passes inside of the edge of the upper lip, said cap having upwardly extending ears extending above the top of the mouth and being 5 need apart a distance equal to the width 0 the mouth and of the interior of the pipe, and a roller bridge in front of the lower lip of the mouth with a free'space between it and'the portion of the cap which constitutes the wind-way, and nicks on the part pf the pipe beneath the lower lip of the mouth; 2. in open 5 eaking pi e having, in com1 'bmation, paral el, side we is, front and rear walls at an angle to each other so that the interior of the pipe decreases in de th from top to bottom, with a mouth 'a't't 'e lower end of the same width as the interior of the pipe, a curved bottom extending from the mouth rearwardly and upwardly and mergmg gradually into the inner face of the rear wall, the pper lip of the mouth be beveled on th sides and the outer face o the lip hem in the same plane as the bpdy of the pipe ow the lower lip, a cap at the 180 w ichif extended .of the ugpgr lip, and ears maintaining a inner, face of the rear wall, the upper lip of lowerend of thgqpipe having a throat and wind-way of the'same width as the mouth of the ipe, the inner face of the cap having an a ru tly inclined face and a less abruptly incline face, the plane of said less abru tly inclined face constitntin the outer we of the wind-way and being in a plane which if extended passes inside of the edge of the upper lip, said cap having ears extending above the mouth and being spaced apart a distance equal to the width of the mouth, and a'roller bridge in front of the mouth with a free space between it and the ortion of the cap which constitutes the wmdway. i

3. An open s akin pipe havin 'in combination, side lls, font and tea? walls at an angle to each other so that the interior of the pipe increases in depth from bottom to top, a mouth of the same width as the interior of the pipe, a curved bottom extendring from the mouth and merging into the the m'outh'being-beveled on both sides and the outer face of the lip being in the same 1 lane as the body of the pipe below the ower lip, a ca at the lower end of the pipe having a win -wa of'the same width as the mouth of the pipe, the inner face of the having an inchned face, the plane of passes inside of the edge bridge in nt of the lower lip of the mouth with-u space between it and the ortion of the caxinwhich'constitutes the win -way.'

4. open speaking pipe of increasin depth from bottom to top, havin a mout at the l'owen end of the same wi th as the interior offthe pipe, the upper lip of the mouth being beveled on both sides and the outer face of the lip being in the same plane as the body of the pipe below the lower lip, a wind-way, the outer wall of the wind-way bein in a plane which if extended passes insi e of the edge of the upper lip, and a bridge opposite said mouth.

5. An open speaking pipe of decrea'sin depth from top to bottom having a mout the upper lip thereof being beveled on both sides, a curved bottom which curves upwardly from the lower lip of the mouth toward the back of the pipe, :1 wind-way, and a bridge opposite the mouth.

6. An open speaking pipe of increasing depth frombottom to top having a mouth, theupper lip thereof beingbeveled on both sides, a curved bottom which curves up; wardly from the lower lip of the mouth toward the back of the pipe, and a windway throu h which ends ejected across the mouth of t e pipe'.

7. An open speaking pipe of greater cross section at its top than at its bottom, havin a mouth, the upper 1i thereof being bevel and the outer face 0 the pipe above the lip being in the same plane as the'body of the pipe below the lower lip, and a wind-way the plane of the outer wall of which if ex: tended would pass inside of the edge of the upper lip.

8. An open speaking labial pipe of ater cross section at its top than at its ttom having a mouth and a bottom which curves upwardl from the lower lip of the mouth toward t e back of the pi e.

witness whereof, have hereunto signed my name.

WILLIAM E. HASKELL. 

